ISSN 0869-6632 (Print)
ISSN 2542-1905 (Online)

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Ryskin N. M., Rozhnev A. G., Ginzburg N. S., Zotova I. V. Nonlinear dynamics of the backward-wave oscillator as the origin of nonstationary microwave electronics. Izvestiya VUZ. Applied Nonlinear Dynamics, 2021, vol. 29, iss. 4, pp. 480-514. DOI: 10.18500/0869-6632-2021-29-4-480-514

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Language: 
Russian
Heading: 
Applied Problems of Nonlinear Oscillation and Wave Theory
Article type: 
Review
UDC: 
530.182
DOI: 
10.18500/0869-6632-2021-29-4-480-514

Nonlinear dynamics of the backward-wave oscillator as the origin of nonstationary microwave electronics

Autors: 
Ryskin Nikita Mikhailovich, Saratov Branch of Kotel`nikov Institute of Radiophysics and Electronics of Russian Academy of Sciences
Rozhnev Andrej Georgievich, Saratov Branch of Kotel`nikov Institute of Radiophysics and Electronics of Russian Academy of Sciences
Ginzburg Naum Samuilovich, Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Zotova Irina V, Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Abstract: 

Aim. This article presents a review of the non-stationary nonlinear phenomena in backward-wave oscillators (BWO). Methods. Numerical modeling using the nonstationary (time-domain) 1-D, 2-D, and 2-D nonlinear theory of electron beam interaction with a backward electromagnetic wave in the slowly varying amplitude approximation. Results. Main results of nonstationary nonlinear theory of O-type and M-type BWO are presented. The typical bifurcation scenario is described, which is observed with an increase of electron beam current in numerical simulations as well as in experiments. Different kinds of chaotic behavior are demonstrated. Nonstationary phenomena in BWOs with oversized electromagnetic systems are discussed, namely, the diffractive mode selection as well as the generation of Cherenkov superradiance pulses by short electron bunches. Conclusion. The nonstationary nonlinear theory is a powerful tool for modeling of beam-wave in BWO as well as in other microwave tubes. Using this theory, algorithms and computer codes for time-domain simulation have been developed, which are widely used in fundamental and applied research. These codes not only provide analysis of different modes of interaction in existing electron devices, but also allow to propose and analyze new schemes for which the standard stationary approach is ineffective.

Key words: 
nonstationary theory of excitation
backward-wave oscillator
self-modulation
chaos
superradiance
diffractive mode selection
Acknowledgments: 
The work was carried out within the framework of the state tasks of Saratov Brunch of Kotelnikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics RAS and Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhny Novgorod (№ 0035-2019-0001)
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Received: 
16.06.2021
Accepted: 
30.06.2021
Published: 
30.07.2021
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