ISSN 0869-6632 (Print)
ISSN 2542-1905 (Online)

For citation:

Borovkova E. I., Dubinkina E. S., Karavaev A. S., Ponomarenko V. I., Miagkov I. A., Prokhorov M. D., Bezruchko B. P. The change in statistical characteristics of cardiovascular system signals and nonlinear measures of cardiorespiratory interaction in healthy volunteers during biofeedback tests. Izvestiya VUZ. Applied Nonlinear Dynamics, 2026, vol. 34, iss. 1, pp. 34-48. DOI: 10.18500/0869-6632-003194, EDN: INAJDG

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Language: 
Russian
Heading: 
Applied Problems of Nonlinear Oscillation and Wave Theory
Article type: 
Article
UDC: 
612.18
DOI: 
10.18500/0869-6632-003194
EDN: 
INAJDG

The change in statistical characteristics of cardiovascular system signals and nonlinear measures of cardiorespiratory interaction in healthy volunteers during biofeedback tests

Autors: 
Borovkova Ekaterina Igorevna, Saratov State University
Dubinkina Elizaveta Sergeevna, Saratov State University
Karavaev Anatolij Sergeevich, Saratov State University
Ponomarenko Vladimir Ivanovich, Saratov Branch of Kotel`nikov Institute of Radiophysics and Electronics of Russian Academy of Sciences
Miagkov Ivan Andreevich, Saratov State University
Prokhorov Mihail Dmitrievich, Saratov Branch of Kotel`nikov Institute of Radiophysics and Electronics of Russian Academy of Sciences
Bezruchko Boris Petrovich, Saratov State University
Abstract: 

The purpose of this work is to investigate the influence of biofeedback, implemented through controlled slow breathing and rhythmic contraction of skeletal muscles at the frequency of baroreflex resonance, on the physiological parameters of the body.

Methods. To achieve this goal, an analysis of breathing signals, heart rate variability (HRV), and photoplethysmography was conducted. Statistical and spectral analyses were employed, as well as the calculation of nonlinear interaction measures such as phase coherence and the total percentage of phase synchronization.

Results. The study showed that slow breathing in the frequency range of baroreflex resonance (around 0.1 Hz) leads to a statistically significant increase in the amplitude of heart rate variability oscillations and the power of sympathetic and parasympathetic regulation processes of heart rhythm. An increase in phase coherence between breathing and heart rate variability was also observed, as well as phase synchronization of the sympathetic regulation circuits of circulation.

Conclusion. A resonant frequency-selective response of the autonomic regulation systems of heart rhythm to slow breathing was identified. The effects observed during slow breathing were significantly more pronounced compared to rhythmic contraction of skeletal muscles at the same frequency, highlighting the differences in the biophysical mechanisms of these methods’ impact on the circulatory
system.
 

Key words: 
cardiorespiratory interaction
phase coherence
synchronization
slow breathing
rhythmic contraction of skeletal muscles
biofeedback
Acknowledgments: 
This work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation under Grant № 23-12-00241, https://rscf.ru/project/23-12-00241/.
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Received: 
31.03.2025
Accepted: 
05.09.2025
Available online: 
12.09.2025
Published: 
30.01.2026
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