Aim. The aim of the paper is investigation of the development of the fixed-point method and mapping degree theory associated with the names of P. Bohl, L. Brouwer, K. Borsuk, S. Ulam and others and its application to study of the trajectories of dynamical systems behavior and stable states of ordered media. Method. The study is based on an analysis of the fundamental works of the mentioned mathematicians 1900–1930’s, as well as later results of N. Levinson, G. Volovik, V. Mineev, J. Toland and H. Hofer of an applied nature. Results.